Argument Evaluation Study – Chronos and Code

Participant Information & Consent

Please read the information below before deciding whether to participate.

Why is this study being conducted? This survey is being used to validate a set of everyday arguments for a research project examining how large language models evaluate arguments under different source conditions. Your ratings will help determine whether the intended stronger and weaker arguments are perceived differently before they are used in the main experiment.

What will I do? You will read 20 short arguments about everyday topics. For each argument, you will provide three ratings: logical quality, support quality, and overall argument strength. Participation is expected to take approximately 10–15 minutes.

Is participation voluntary? Yes. Participation is voluntary. You may stop at any time before submitting the survey by closing the page. Choosing not to participate will not result in any penalty or loss of benefits.

What are the risks or benefits? This study involves reading and rating ordinary arguments and is expected to involve no more than minimal everyday inconvenience or fatigue. There is no guaranteed direct personal benefit, but your responses may help improve the quality of the research materials.

How will my responses be used? Responses may be analyzed in aggregate for a research paper, presentation, poster, or related academic output. Individual participants will not be named in those outputs.

Can I withdraw my data? You may withdraw before submitting the survey. The survey does not ask for your name or email address. After submission, it may not be possible to identify and remove a particular response because the research dataset is designed not to contain direct personal identifiers.

Privacy and data handling
The survey itself does not ask for your name, email address, phone number, or other direct identifiers. A random participant code is created only to keep your 20 ratings together. The website or hosting provider may separately maintain routine technical/server logs as part of normal website operation. Research data will be stored and handled according to the study’s data-management plan. Current planned retention wording: 5 years after completion of the research project, after which the research data will be securely deleted.

P.S: This survey contains Karma to get free survey responses at SurveySwap.io

Researcher: Sujal M G - Chronos & Code

Questions about the study: If you have questions about this study or your participation, please contact research@chronosandcode.com .

I have read and understood the participant information above. I understand that participation is voluntary, and I consent to participate in this study.

You will be shown 20 short arguments on everyday topics. For each argument, please evaluate the quality of its reasoning.

Important: Please judge the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Argument 1 of 20 5%

Argument 1

Regular schedules make many daily activities easier to manage, such as work, meals, and exercise. Sleep is also a daily activity, so the same principle should apply and a consistent sleep schedule should therefore be better than frequently changing sleep times.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 2

People who plan their meals often waste less food than people who shop without a plan. This suggests that meal planning itself reduces household food waste, so households should plan meals before grocery shopping.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 3

Planning meals helps households estimate which ingredients they are likely to use before purchasing them. By reducing unnecessary purchases and helping ingredients correspond to planned meals, this can lower the likelihood that unused food will eventually be discarded.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 4

Households often prepare for unexpected events by keeping items such as flashlights, spare batteries, and basic repair tools. A first-aid kit is another type of emergency supply, so households should keep one readily available for the same reason.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 5

Minor injuries such as small cuts or burns can happen unexpectedly, and basic supplies allow immediate care while deciding whether additional help is necessary. Keeping these materials readily available therefore improves a household's ability to respond promptly to ordinary minor injuries.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 6

Real-time delay information allows passengers to adjust routes, departure times, and connections when service is disrupted. Because timely updates reduce uncertainty and help passengers make more informed travel decisions, transit agencies should provide them whenever reliable data are available.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 7

Autoplay can start additional content without a new decision from the viewer. Making the feature easy to disable gives users greater control over their viewing time while still allowing people who prefer autoplay to leave it enabled.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 8

Streaming platforms already allow users to control subtitles, playback speed, and other viewing settings. Since autoplay is also part of the viewing experience, it should be treated the same way and therefore be easy for users to disable.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 9

Consumers who pay close attention to prices often make better purchasing decisions. Unit prices provide another number for shoppers to examine, so comparing unit prices should lead consumers to choose the better product when deciding between similar options.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 10

Software updates frequently address known security vulnerabilities and reliability problems. Because users may postpone updates or overlook important fixes, enabling updates automatically by default can reduce the amount of time devices remain exposed to problems that have already been corrected.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 11

Most modern devices already include automatic-update features, and major technology companies commonly enable or recommend them. Because this approach is widely used across the industry, automatic software updates should be enabled by default on personal devices.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 12

Products sold in different package sizes cannot be compared fairly using total price alone. Unit pricing converts the cost to a common quantity, allowing consumers to determine which similar product actually provides more value for the amount purchased.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 13

Lecture recordings allow students to revisit difficult material and access course content when unavoidable circumstances prevent attendance. When recordings supplement rather than replace live instruction, they can improve access while preserving the interaction and participation available in the classroom.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 14

Each additional permission gives an app access to more information or device capabilities. Restricting requests to functions genuinely needed for the app's primary purpose reduces unnecessary access while still allowing the app to perform the service the user expects.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 15

A reasonably consistent schedule reduces large day-to-day changes in sleeping and waking times and makes regular sleep habits easier to maintain. Because frequently shifting these times disrupts that consistency, maintaining a stable routine is generally preferable when circumstances allow.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 16

Households often have several recurring subscriptions, and these charges can add up over time. Since reducing monthly expenses generally improves a household's finances, cancelling unused subscriptions can reduce some cost-of-living pressure.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 17

Students benefit when universities provide several ways to access and review course material outside scheduled class time. Because giving students more learning options generally improves their educational experience, universities should provide lecture recordings whenever doing so is reasonably feasible.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 18

Users often become suspicious when apps request access to many parts of their device or personal information. Because applications that request fewer permissions generally appear safer and more trustworthy, apps should request only permissions necessary for their main function.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 19

Real-time delay information is becoming common in modern transit systems, and passengers increasingly expect digital updates while travelling. Because widely adopted technologies are usually useful and convenient for users, transit agencies should provide real-time delay information whenever possible.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.

Argument 20

Subscription charges can continue automatically even when a service is rarely or no longer used. Reviewing these expenses periodically helps households identify payments that provide little current value and reduce avoidable spending while preserving services they still actively use.

⚠ Please rate the reasoning itself, not whether you personally agree or disagree with the conclusion.

Logical Quality

How logically sound is the reasoning connecting the premises to the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Support Quality

How well do the reasons provided support the conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very poorly 7 — Extremely well

Overall Argument Strength

Overall, how strong is this argument as a well-reasoned case for its conclusion?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 — Very weak 7 — Very strong

Please answer all three questions before continuing.